Tumors of Bone
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a solitary, expansile and erosive lesion of bone. The cause of this non-neoplastic lesion is unknown.
Most patients are under 20, but the tumor can occur at any age.
The tumor presents with pain for several weeks with local swelling. Any bone may be involved, but the most common sites include the long bones and the posterior parts of the spinal vertebra.On xrays, the lesion has a destructive, lytic, and expansile appearance.
Most ABC's are sucessfully treated with curettage and packing with bone chips or bone cement.
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Most patients are under 20, but the tumor can occur at any age.
The tumor presents with pain for several weeks with local swelling. Any bone may be involved, but the most common sites include the long bones and the posterior parts of the spinal vertebra.On xrays, the lesion has a destructive, lytic, and expansile appearance.
Most ABC's are sucessfully treated with curettage and packing with bone chips or bone cement.
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Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma
This tumor has been given the names benign fibrous hystiocytoma, fibrous histiocytoma, xanthofibroma, fibroxanthoma of bone, and primary xanthoma of bone. The author of this site prefes the name benign fibrous histiocytoma.
There is no defined age group for this tumor except that patients are generally older than those found with a non-ossifying fibroma.
Clinically, patients report pain from the lesion, often of months or years duration. Pain may be associated with pathological fracture. There may be some local tenderness, but no swelling or mass is seen, and there are no systemic symptoms. There is normally no impairment of the function of the nearby joint. Spinal lesions may cause neurologic defect by pressing on the spinal cord.It has a lytic, loculated appearance with prominent sclerosis of the edges of the lesion.
Treatment consists of careful and complete curettage and filling of the defect with graft material, bone cement, or other suitable bone void filler.
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There is no defined age group for this tumor except that patients are generally older than those found with a non-ossifying fibroma.
Clinically, patients report pain from the lesion, often of months or years duration. Pain may be associated with pathological fracture. There may be some local tenderness, but no swelling or mass is seen, and there are no systemic symptoms. There is normally no impairment of the function of the nearby joint. Spinal lesions may cause neurologic defect by pressing on the spinal cord.It has a lytic, loculated appearance with prominent sclerosis of the edges of the lesion.
Treatment consists of careful and complete curettage and filling of the defect with graft material, bone cement, or other suitable bone void filler.
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Bone island
A solitary area of mature, lamellar bone located within another bone, usually within an area of cancellous bone.
Patients are generally asymptomatic. These lesions are typically incidental finding on x-ray or other imaging study made for an unrelated reason.Most are 1 - 2 mm is size, but some can be up to 1 -2 cm. or even more. The lesion is latent, and merges at its margin with the surrounding bone. May be multiple, as in osteopoikilosis.
No treatment is needed. After the diagnosis has been confirmed, the lesion can be observed without treatment.
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Patients are generally asymptomatic. These lesions are typically incidental finding on x-ray or other imaging study made for an unrelated reason.Most are 1 - 2 mm is size, but some can be up to 1 -2 cm. or even more. The lesion is latent, and merges at its margin with the surrounding bone. May be multiple, as in osteopoikilosis.
No treatment is needed. After the diagnosis has been confirmed, the lesion can be observed without treatment.
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Chordoma
Chordoma is a malignant tumor that usually occurs in the sacrum, coccyx, or at the base of the skull. It arises from notocord remnants.
Chordoma usually occurs within the fifth to seventh decade.
Chordoma in the sacrum and coccyx may present as "low low" back pain or tenderness, or with symptoms of obstruction such as constipation or painful bowel movements. On plain X-ray, chordomas appear as a solitary mid-line lesion with bony destruction. There is often an accompanying soft tissue mass.
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Chordoma usually occurs within the fifth to seventh decade.
Chordoma in the sacrum and coccyx may present as "low low" back pain or tenderness, or with symptoms of obstruction such as constipation or painful bowel movements. On plain X-ray, chordomas appear as a solitary mid-line lesion with bony destruction. There is often an accompanying soft tissue mass.
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